The United States in
War and Peace

A Regular Column by Shelby L. Stanton 

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January I 2009
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How a Woman serves in the U.S. Navy
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In keeping with the diversity of American ethnic contributions during World War II, my column for the New Year features female service from the Hispanic minority group in the United States. The War Department information bulletin constitutes a press release about an OSS (Office of Strategic Services) employee who volunteered for active Navy duty. The photographs show her application, examination and training process as well as the uniform attire described in the article. The actual text and pictures are published here as they appear in the wartime news bulletin, complete with wartime press release identification numbers normally deleted in publication (but with accompanying loss of pictorial information).
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War Department News Release S-2794 
1943

Marie Ramona Espinosa, an American girl of Spanish descent, "deems it a privilege to be a woman in a man's Navy." Now in uniform as a recruitment officer in the WAVES — Women Appointed to Voluntary Emergency Service — her entrance into the armed forces of the United Nations is perhaps typical of the experiences of thousands of other American women.

Miss Espinosa, formerly employed in the U.S. Office of Strategic Services at Washington, D.C., joined because she felt she could be of more direct wartime service, the same factor that has caused many other women to enroll.
 
 

Has Traveled Widely

Daughter of a Spanish-born U.S. Justice Department official, Miss Espinosa has traveled a great deal abroad as well as in the United States and came into contact with many different peoples. This experience, she felt, qualified her for recruiting duties.

Miss Espinosa received most of her secondary education in New York City, where she attended the Convent of St. Saviour and the Academy of St. Francis Xavier.  She entered George Washington University in Washington, D. C., in 1940 and left after two years to work for the Office of Strategic Services. At the university she studied public speaking and during summer vacations appeared in dramatic presentations.

This background she outlined to recruiting officers in a "fitness" interview which took place after she had appeared at the WAVES recruiting office and signed an application for enlistment. The interview brought out the fact that she speaks Spanish and French fluently. She ranked high in an aptitude test given to all candidates. All these factors made her well fitted for service, if she could pass the exacting physical tests.
 

Click image to enlarge
...... Applying at the recruiting office in Washington, D.C., Miss Maria Ramona Espinosa signs her application for the WAVES (Women's Naval Reserve) and immediately starts concentrating on the aptitude test.
(Collection Shelby Stanton)
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All WAVE applicants must pass exacting physical tests.  Here Miss Espinosa is being examined by a Navy doctor, Lieutenant Stanley L. Edmunds, who finds her up to standard. (Collection Shelby Stanton) ......
Click image to enlarge
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Found up to standard by an examining Navy doctor, she was fingerprinted — for Navy records — and then was ready to be inducted. The oath was administered by a WAVE officer. 
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Click image to enlarge
...... Having passed all tests, Miss Espinosa becomes a member of the WAVES as she takes the service oath. (Collection Shelby Stanton)
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Sent To Training Station

Miss Espinosa was sent to the Naval Training Station at Hunter College, New York City, for a four-week period of indoctrination and specialized training in recruiting.  Between classes she visited a battleship, cruiser and patrol torpedo boat, and inspected an airfield.
 

Undergoing intensive training preparatory to assuming their duties as members of the Women’s Naval Reserve, these young women respond with alacrity to their drill commands at the Naval Training Station at Hunter College, New York City, where Miss Espinosa was sent for indoctrination training.  She is at left in the front rank. 
(Collection Shelby Stanton)
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Click image to enlarge

"The idea was to get a good picture of the Navy so we would know what we were talking about," she said. Assigned to the recruiting office where she had enlisted, Miss Espinosa, 20 years old, lives with her mother and four sisters in their Washington home.  Their father is in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as chief of the investigating section of the U.S. Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization in the Department of Justice.

Miss Espinosa admits she was a bit lonely the first few days of her Navy career.  "But I met so many different people with so many different interests at the Naval Training Station that quickly felt right at home," she said.
 

Click image to enlarge
...... The transformation from civilian life completed, Miss Espinosa leaves the Naval Training School for active duty with the WAVES.
(Collection Shelby Stanton)

Many Opportunities Open

A career in the WAVES offers many opportunities to young women.  There are special fields in which they can make use of previous training as chemical engineers, architects, astronomers, cartographers, accountants, meteorologists, librarians, teachers, saleswomen, stenographers, radio operators, lawyers and metallurgists; those familiar with the fields of finance, transportation business, administration /may continue in those activities in the Navy.

Jobs to which women may be assigned in the Navy include telephone and telegraph operation, map-reading, clerical and stenographic work, message center duties and photographic and testing laboratory detail. All such positions filled by WAVES result in releasing men for service at sea.

Young women without special training, on joining the WAVES, are trained to do a job and thus help, along with the specialists, to bring victory.
 

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Copyright © 2009 by Shelby L. Stanton  - All rights reserved

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